A person with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) has advanced kidney damage with a severe decrease in theglomerular filtration rate (GFR) to 15-30 ml/min. It is likely someone with stage 4 CKD will need dialysis or a kidney transplant in the near future.
As kidney function declines waste products build up in the blood causing a condition known as “uremia.” In stage 4 a person is likely to develop complications of kidney disease such as high blood pressure, anemia (a shortage of red blood cells), bone disease, heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases.
Symptoms that are experienced in stage 4 include:
Fatigue: Feeling tired is common for people with CKD and is often caused by anemia.
Too much fluid: The kidneys may lose their ability to control how much fluid stays in the body. A person may notice swelling (edema) in their lower legs, hands or face around the eyes. With too much fluid someone, could even feel short of breath.
Urination changes: Urine may be foamy if there is protein in it, or dark orange, brown, tea colored or red if it contains blood. A person may urinate more or less than normal, or get up at night to go to the bathroom.
Kidney pain: Most people with CKD do not have kidney pain, but with some kinds of kidney problems, such aspolycystic kidney disease (PKD) or infections, they may have pain in their back where the kidneys are located.
Sleep problems: Some people have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. Itching, muscle cramps or restless legs can keep them awake.
Nausea: Vomiting or feeling nauseated may occur with CKD.
Taste changes: Food may not taste like it usually does, or may have a metallic taste.
Uremic breath: As urea builds up in the blood, it may be detected in the breathing causing bad breath.
Loss of appetite: People in this stage may not feel like eating, and some people report having a metallic taste in their mouth or bad breath.
Difficulty in concentrating: Having trouble balancing a checkbook or focusing on reading the newspaper can happen with CKD.
Nerve problems: Numbness or tingling in your toes or fingers is a symptom of CKD.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) happens if your kidneys have been damaged. Kidneys can become damaged from a physical injury or a disease like diabetes or high blood pressure. Once your kidneys are damaged, they are not able to filter blood or do their other jobs well enough to keep you healthy. Some of the important jobs kidneys do:
- Filter blood
- Balance your body's fluids
- Regulate hormones
- Help keep blood pressure under control
- Keep bones healthy
- Help make red blood cells
Even if you get treatment in stage 4 and are careful about your health, your kidneys may still fail. Kidney failure happens when:
- 85-90% of kidney function is gone
- GFR falls below 15
- Kidneys don't work well enough to keep you alive
There is no cure for kidney failure, but with treatment it is possible to live a long, fulfilling life. Having kidney failure is not a death sentence. People with kidney failure live active lives and continue to do the things they love.
Is Kidney Failure in Your Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD) Future? Make An Estimation of Your Current CKD. http://www.kidneyabc.com/CKDQuestionnaire.html
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