Nursing Intervention for Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic Syndrome is commonly seen among preschool children. It is featured with an amount of protein in urine and swelling. In severe case, for severe swollen legs, the children may not be able to walk or stand for too long. So, how to relieve the swelling?
　　

1. Rest and activity

　　
If the patients with Nephrotic Syndrome have serious swelling, they are recommended to stay in bed until the swelling eliminates.

　　
2. Diet

　　
* The patients should have a tight limitation of foods high in proteins as excessive protein intake can aggravate proteinuria. However, as Nephrotic Syndrome is complicated with hyperlipemia, the patients should keep a certain amount of quality(1g/kg per body weight) protein intake such as fish, egg white, milk, lean meat, etc.

　　
* They are suggested to reduce daily salt intake to 3~5 g. Also, it is necessary for them to regulate the intake based on the edema degree and blood sodium concentration.

　　
* As for hyperlipemia, the patients should reduce the consumption of foods loaded in saturated fatty acid for it can increase the cholesterol concentration.

　　
* As the patients limit the intake of proteins, it is very likely to cause malfunction. To guarantee sufficient energy, the patients with Nephrotic Syndrome should keep ample calorie intake.

　　
* Limiting water and salts intake is an important part in nursing intervention of the disease. Extra salt intake can increase the retention of sodium and fluid, thus aggravating edema.

　　
3.Skin care

　　
Serious edema stretches the skin and eventually is likely to cause skin injury. Therefore, the patients should avoid skin trauma.

　　
In addition, weak immunity renders the patients at high risk of infections. It is very important for the patients to keep away from trigging factors of infections.

　　
If the patients with Nephrotic Syndrome are in remission, the above nursing interventions will reduce the relapse of the disease significantly.